Beta lactams interfere with a exceptional protein that is required for cell wall synthesis. short the cell wall, bacteria are massively susceptible to destruction by immune systems, and by osmosis. The protein is called PBP - penicillin binding protein. Most of the rash beta lactams are far more effective against gram positive organisms because they enjoy more of a cell wall.
Bacteria can alter the PBP so that it is resistant to the beta lactam. they can also make an enzyme that breaks down the beta lactam, making it ineffective.
they inhibit the final step of bacterial cell wall synthesis, so cell lysis occur
They inhibit the ability of bacterial to form outer cell membranes, thus cause the bacteria to "leak" to release.
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